Barcelona: Climate Change & Biodiversity

Challenges

Cities around the world are grappling with the increasingly urgent challenge of addressing extreme heat, a problem exacerbated by urban heat islands. With the growing frequency and intensity of heatwaves, severe drought areas, and rising numbers of heat-related deaths, the well-being of entire communities is at serious risk.

The new and adverse climate conditions we are facing demand a more thoughtful selection of tree species and soils that ensure adaptability. However, these choices should not be driven by immediate availability or aesthetic preferences alone. Decisions must be based on scientific evidence, requiring data to identify tree species that offer the best environmental solutions and assess their impact on the urban environment (such as improving thermal comfort and supporting biodiversity).

To tackle this pressing issue, Fondazione Capellino launched a pilot project in Florence in 2022, creating a model designed to be replicated in other cities worldwide. This initiative led to collaborations with organisations in Germany (Mannheim) and Norway (Bergen), fostering an exchange of knowledge and experience across education, politics, and science under the EduNate Cities programme.

Building on the Florentine model, Fondazione Capellino partnered with the Municipality of Barcelona to develop a project aimed at testing effective green solutions in the Catalan metropolis, which is already recognised as one of the world’s top five smart cities. This effort seeks to shape greener, more resilient cities for the future.

The project

 

In collaboration with Barcelona’s Parcs i Jardins (a municipal institute of the City Council), which is already highly committed to adopting solutions that promote biodiversity in urban areas, Fondazione Capellino has launched a project to combat extreme drought in cities. This initiative focuses on introducing exotic plant species that are more resilient to severe climate conditions.

The project, which began in 2025 and will span four years, will focus on five urban areas with varying levels of environmental pressure. Resilient tree species, such as Zelkova serrata and Pistacia chinensis, will be tested to identify the most suitable solutions for challenging climatic conditions.

With support from Parcs i Jardins and collaboration with research institutes such as CREAF (Catalan) and CNR (Italian), these species will be evaluated in different urban settings to ensure scientifically validated conclusions. Various parameters will be monitored, including irrigation needs, soil quality, plant health, and the urban microclimate. The aim is to build a comprehensive scientific database to inform planting decisions, promote a more resilient urban environment, and enhance citizens’ quality of life. The project adopts a multivariable approach, similar to the successful model already implemented in Florence.

Barcelona, already a leader in adopting biodiversity-focused urban solutions, provides an ideal context for piloting this replicable scientific approach to tackling the climate crisis. The future of our cities relies on making thoughtful, data-driven decisions that address the realities of a changing climate.

 

Duration: 4 years, from 2025.

Locations: situated on critical urban streets across the city, representing areas of high environmental stress. The fifth is located in a "nursery" within a nearby hilly area, designed to provide data from an opposite and more representative environment. This diverse selection of sites allows the project to collect comprehensive data across contrasting conditions, ensuring a holistic approach to understanding the resilience of the tested plant species.

Terrain: Using two different types of terrain.

Trees: Evaluation of 10 trees for each of the 5 locations, for a total of 50 units.

Species used: Study of Zelkova serrata and Pistacia chinensis (to be confirmed).

Measurements: Data collected at least twice a year through a variety of instruments.

Monitoring:

  • Frequency and quantity of watering.
  • Geomorphological characterization of places.
  • Variables Library.
  • Microclimate and air quality.
  • State of health of trees.
  • Measurement of system parameters.
Goals:

  • Learn about the evolution of trees and their interaction with the environment.
  • Identify the most adaptable and resilient species and soil substrates for the urban environment of Barcelona.
  • Study the impact of trees on urban climate and environmental regulation, therefore solutions to improve city well-being.
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Project data

 

cal

DURATION

2025-2028

invest

OUR INVESTMENT

€ 209.161,00